Stanley Tookie Williams III (December 29, 1953 – December 13, 2005) was an American gangster who co-founded the Crips street gang in South Central Los Angeles in 1971 with Raymond Washington. Williams became a leading figure in the early Crips, helping it grow from a small neighborhood group into a major criminal force in the 1970s. He was known for his violent reputation and leadership in conflicts with rival gangs like the Bloods. In 1981, he was convicted of four murders and spent decades on death row. While in prison, Williams rejected his gang past and wrote anti-gang books for children. He was nominated five times for the Nobel Peace Prize and the Nobel Literature Prize. His execution by lethal injection in 2005 at San Quentin State Prison led to national and international debate ab...